Materi Pelajaran IPA Kelas 8 SMP/MTs Kurikulum 2013 Semester II Edisi Revisi Terbaru

Sahabat Edukasi yang berbahagia... Berikut materi pelajaran IPA (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam) Kelas VIII SMP/MTs Kurikulum 2013 Edisi Revisi Terbaru untuk Semester 2 lengkap:

Bab 7 Tekanan Zat dan Penerapannya dalam Kehidupan

Sehari-hari ................................................................................ 1

A. Tekanan Zat ......................................................................... 3

1. Tekanan Zat Padat .............................................................................. 5

2. Tekanan Zat Cair .................................................................................. 6

3. Tekanan Gas ....................................................................................... 20

B. Aplikasi Konsep Tekanan Zat dalam Makhluk Hidup ...... 23

1. Pengangkutan Air dan Nutrisi pada Tumbuhan ........................... 24

2. Tekanan Darah pada Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia ............. 29

3. Tekanan Gas pada Proses Pernapasan Manusia ........................... 31

Uji Kompetensi ....................................................................... 38

Bab 8 Sistem Pernapasan Manusia .................................................. 45

A. Struktur dan Fungsi Sistem Pernapasan Manusia .......... 48

1. Organ Pernapasan Manusia ............................................................. 48

2. Mekanisme Pernapasan Manusia ................................................... 54

3. Frekuensi Pernapasan ....................................................................... 56

4. Volume Pernapasan ........................................................................... 58

B. Gangguan pada Sistem Pernapasan Manusia dan

Upaya untuk Mencegah atau Menanggulanginya .......... 62

1. Influenza ............................................................................................... 63

2. Tonsilitis ............................................................................................... 64

3. Faringitis ............................................................................................... 65

4. Pneumonia ........................................................................................... 65

Daftar Isi

vi Kelas VIII SMP/MTs Semester 2

5. Tuberculosis (TBC) .............................................................................. 67

6. Asma ...................................................................................................... 68

7. Kanker Paru-paru ................................................................................ 68

Uji Kompetensi ....................................................................... 76

Bab 9 Sistem Ekskresi Manusia ........................................................ 79

A. Struktur dan Fungsi Sistem Ekskresi pada Manusia ....... 82

1. Ginjal .................................................................................................... 82

2. Kulit ....................................................................................................... 89

3. Paru-paru .............................................................................................. 91

4. Hati ........................................................................................................ 93

B. Gangguan pada Sistem Ekskresi Manusia dan Upaya

untuk Mencegah atau Menanggulanginya ...................... 96

1. Nefritis .................................................................................................. 100

2. Batu Ginjal ........................................................................................... 100

3. Albuminuria ........................................................................................ 101

4. Hematuria ............................................................................................ 101

5. Diabetes Insipidus ............................................................................. 101

6. Kanker Ginjal ....................................................................................... 102

7. Jerawat .................................................................................................. 103

8. Biang Keringat .................................................................................... 103

Uji Kompetensi ....................................................................... 110

Bab 10 Getaran dan Gelombang dalam Kehidupan

Sehari-hari ............................................................................ 115

A. Getaran, Gelombang, dan Bunyi ...................................... 116

1. Getaran .......................................................................................................... 116

2. Gelombang ................................................................................................... 119

3. Bunyi ............................................................................................................... 127

B. Mekanisme Mendengar pada Manusia dan Hewan ........ 140

1. Mekanisme Pendengaran Manusia ................................................ 140

2. Pendengaran pada Hewan .............................................................. 146

C. Aplikasi Getaran dan Gelombang dalam Teknologi ....... 149

1. Ultrasonografi (USG) ......................................................................... 149

2. Sonar .................................................................................................... 150

3. Terapi Ultrasonik ................................................................................ 151

4. Pembersih Ultrasonik ....................................................................... 152

5. Sonifikasi.............................................................................................. 153

6. Pengujian Ultrasonik ......................................................................... 154

Uji Kompetensi ....................................................................... 160

Bab 11 Cahaya dan Alat Optik .......................................................... 165

A. Sifat Cahaya dan Proses Pembentukan Bayangan .......... 167

1. Sifat-Sifat Cahaya ................................................................................ 167

2. Pembentukan Bayangan pada Cermin .......................................... 174

3. Lensa ..................................................................................................... 191

B. Indra Penglihatan Manusia dan Hewan ............................ 198

1. Indra Penglihatan Manusia .............................................................. 198

2. Indra Penglihatan Serangga ............................................................ 210

C. Alat Optik dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari ......................... 212

1. Kamera ................................................................................................ 213

2. Kaca Pembesar (Lup) ........................................................................ 214

3. Mikroskop ............................................................................................ 215

4. Teleskop ............................................................................................... 217

Uji Kompetensi ....................................................................... 224

Informasi Pelaku Penerbitan ............................................................ 229

Daftar Pustaka ................................................................................... 243

Glosarium ........................................................................................... 247

Indeks....... .......................................................................................... 260

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